Here you will learn how to calculate energy output of a photo voltaic solar installation .......
The global formula to estimate the electricity generated in output of a photo voltaic system is :
E = A * r * H * PR
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E
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Energy (kWh)
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A
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Total solar panel Area (m2)
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r
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solar panel yield or efficiency(%)
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H
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Annual average solar radiation on tilted
panels (shadings not included)
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PR
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Performance ratio, coefficient for losses
(range between 0.5 and 0.9, default value = 0.75
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Example of detailed losses that gives the PR value (depends on the site, the technology, and sizing of the system:
- Inverter losses (4% to 10 %)
- Temperature losses (5% to 20%)
- DC cables losses (1 to 3 %)
- AC cables losses (1 to 3 %)
- Shadings 0 % to 80% !!! (specific to each site)
- Losses at weak radiation 3% to 7%
- Losses due to dust, snow... (2%)
- Other Losses (?)
Excel file to compute the annual solar electrical energy output of a photo voltaic system
ready to Download
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